After the publication of Special Theory of Relativity in 1905, scientists raised questions that seemed to be impossible to explain due to relativity. These paradoxes seem to make contradictory statements and challenge the legitimacy of the theory of relativity until it was accepted by the scientific community.  This `paper presents some of those paradoxes and findings of Special Theory of Relativity, namely the Bug Rivet Paradox, Bell’s Spaceship Paradox and the changes in the electromagnetic fields due to a change in frames of reference. The paper shows how these problems were solved using coordinate transformations, and the key insights into the world we live in, such as the explanations of why electric and magnetic fields are interlinked. Physicists came up with apparent paradoxes which challenged the theory. Apparent paradoxes arise due to two statements that seem logical but do not agree with each other, or an antinomy. We will be looking at some of these problems; Bug-Rivet paradox, Bell’s Spaceship paradox and the link between electric and magnetic fields.

Everyone has the right to have access and afford healthy food, to be able to afford a healthy diet, but there are many challenges in meeting this social need. A healthy diet brings beneficial effects to the human body, decreasing the possibility of developing disease, and raises the general health level of a community. However, this depends on the availability of nutritious, affordable, accessible healthy food. In this paper, we explore factors affecting the accessibility of healthy food, through the lens of availability and affordability. This will be conducted by drawing on research on nutrition and public health economics to explore the impact of geography on availability and price of healthy food. There will be a brief review of the impact that culture has had on the historical circumstances for the development of healthy or unhealthy eating habits. The study will question whether recent developments with regards to availability and price of healthy food have served as barriers to healthy eating patterns, which may have restricted New Zealanders’ choices of healthy eating, decreasing the public health level.

As approximately 5–35% of college students commonly use methylphenidate (MPD) as a cognitive enhancer, non-medical use is an area of concern. Young adults may underestimate the harm involved with non-medical use. This review examines potential benefits, harm, and dispositional factors involved in non-medical use of methylphenidate among young adults.

Nowadays, adolescents’ mental health issues are becoming more and more severe. In Japan, a survey carried out in 2021 showed that about 10% of 11-12 year-old students and about 20% of 13-15 year-old students were in a state of depression. Globally, it is estimated that 1 in 7 of 10-19 year-olds experience mental health issues. However, because mental health is prone to countless factors, many of those who have mental health issues remain untreated. Studies report that most mental disorders manifest before age 25, typically during the pre-teen and teenage years. Given that adolescents spend the greatest portion of their lives at school during this period, research should focus on the promotion of adolescents’ mental wellbeing within the school environment. A study regarding the relations between school climate and adolescents’ mental health showed that the students’ mental state varied among individuals rather than between schools. Other research indicates that students’ perceived connection to social relations, teacher-student relations, and commitment to school are associated with better mental health. Considering these results together, I seek to highlight the importance of building good interpersonal relationships for students’ mental health.

The research question is “To what extent have US government’s policies to reduce algorithmic bias been successful?”. The aim of this study is to utilise both geographical and economical perspectives to understand whether legislation is able to reduce the economic impacts and inequalities caused by algorithmic bias. This World Studies EE belongs to the theme of Equality and Inequality, since it discusses the global
issue of algorithmic bias, which causes unfair treatment to an individual or group, leading to inequality. This research highlights solutions to algorithmic bias, linking directly to the tenth Sustainable Development Goal, which is to Reduce Inequality.

Self-dehumanization is a consequence of immoral behavior. While it has been under-explored in moral psychology, existing studies by Bastian et al. (“Losing our humanity”)and Kouchaki et al. have reported contradictory findings on self-dehumanization’s implications on morality. This paper aims to consolidate the current literature and present a dual model to explain the psychological processes of this phenomenon. The model hypothesizes that moral self-regulation moderates the effects of self-dehumanization on morality. This makes the success of the regulatory pathway the prime predictor of whether self-dehumanization leads to moral or immoral behavior. The following sections explain the individual processes involved in those moral and immoral pathways. The main arguments are that 1) successful moral self-regulation appeals to our innate desire for self-completion, thus motivating future reparative actions, and 2)unsuccessful moral self-regulation enables disengagement, which leads to future immoral behavior. This can initiate a self-fueling cycle as more failed self-regulation occurs. Together,these hypotheses produce a nuanced, dynamic model that highlights the importance of understanding the role of self-dehumanization in moral psychology.